Effect of temperature on the viscosity of fluidsĪs we know that liquids and gases are both fluids and exhibit the concept of viscosity, the effect of temperature on the viscosity of both gases and liquids is significantly different. Kinematic viscosity on the other hand is the measure of the resistance experienced by the fluid under the weight of the gravity. It is the measure of the external force applied to the fluid. Types of ViscosityĪs viscosity is defined as the measure of the friction in the flow of the fluid, it is categorized in two ways:ĭynamic or absolute viscosity comes into play when the external force is applied to the fluid. A U-shaped tube apparatus is also known as the Ostwald viscometer. A scientific instrument used to measure the viscosity of any fluid is a viscometer. There is another way to measure the viscosity of the fluid, without dropping an object in the fluid.
The ideal object to get the formula of viscosity is a sphere. Here, denotes the difference in densities of fluid and the object dropped in the fluid.
Mathematically viscosity is calculated as: In the ideal case, the object dropped is a sphere. The motion of any object when dropped in the fluid describes the effect of viscosity and hence helps in calculating the magnitude of the viscosity of the fluid. Viscosity is the measure of the ratio of the shearing stress and velocity gradient of the fluid in motion. Mathematical expression to calculate viscosity (η)Ĭonsidering the laminar flow of the liquids, shearing stress plays an important role in the calculation of the viscosity of the fluids. The concept of viscosity is also present in gases but is not as prominent as in the case of liquids in ordinary environments. The clear reason for the smoother flow is the low magnitude of intermolecular forces of attraction, which results in lesser drag and hence, lesser friction. Liquids with a low magnitude of viscosity flow easily as compared to liquids with a high magnitude of viscosity. the number of layers in the fluid contributes to the viscosity significantly. The drag or internal friction between the layers of fluids in motion is the clear indicator of the measure of viscosity, as the large intermolecular forces of attraction resist the flow. The resistance experienced by the fluids in motion is termed viscosity. During the fluid motion, the relative drag between the layers of the fluid results in resistance in the flow of the fluid. Any fluid, by nature, exists in the form of layers. Gases and liquids both flow and hence are fluids.
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